a b Wozencraft, W. C. (2005). "Species Panthera tigris". In Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rded.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p.546. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494. Tigers galore in Ranthambhore National Park". The Hindu. 2009. Archived from the original on 11 March 2009 . Retrieved 10 June 2010.

Wood, G. (1983). The Guinness Book of Animal Facts and Feats. Guinness Superlatives. ISBN 978-0-85112-235-9. Luo, S.; Johnson, W. E.; Martenson, J.; Antunes, A.; Martelli, P.; Uphyrkina, O.; Traylor-Holzer, K.; Smith, J. L.D.; O'Brien, S. J. (2008). "Subspecies Genetic Assignments of Worldwide Captive Tigers Increase Conservation Value of Captive Populations". Current Biology. 18 (8): 592–596. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2008.03.053. PMID 18424146. S2CID 16594083.Liddell, H. G. & Scott, R. (1940). "τίγρις". A Greek-English Lexicon, revised and augmented. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Sympatric Tiger and Leopard: How two big cats coexist in the same area". Archived from the original on 13 February 2008. Ecology.info The Tiger Species Survival Plan has condemned the breeding of white tigers, alleging they are of mixed ancestry and of unknown lineage. The genes responsible for white colouration are represented by 0.001% of the population. The disproportionate growth in numbers of white tigers points to inbreeding among homozygous recessive individuals. This would lead to inbreeding depression and loss of genetic variability. [71]

The Middle English tigre and Old English tigras derive from Old French tigre, from Latin tigris. This was a borrowing of Classical Greek τίγρις 'tigris', a foreign borrowing of unknown origin meaning 'tiger' and the river Tigris. [6] The origin may have been the Persian word tigra ('pointed or sharp') and the Avestan word tigrhi ('arrow'), perhaps referring to the speed of the tiger's leap, although these words are not known to have any meanings associated with tigers. [7] van Uhm, D.P. (2016). The Illegal Wildlife Trade: Inside the World of Poachers, Smugglers and Traders (Studies of Organized Crime). New York: Springer. Daigle, K. (2016). "World's wild tiger count rising for first time in a century". Phys Org . Retrieved 17 April 2016. The tiger is among the most recognisable and popular of the world's charismatic megafauna. It featured prominently in the ancient mythology and folklore of cultures throughout its historic range and continues to be depicted in modern films and literature, appearing on many flags, coats of arms and as mascots for sporting teams. The tiger is the national animal of India, Bangladesh, Malaysia and South Korea. Pacifici, M.; Santini, L.; Di Marco, M.; Baisero, D.; Francucci, L.; Grottolo Marasini, G.; Visconti, P. & Rondinini, C. (2013). "Generation length for mammals". Nature Conservation (5): 87–94.Smith, J. L. D. (1993). "The role of dispersal in structuring the Chitwan tiger population". Behaviour. 124 (3): 165–195. doi: 10.1163/156853993X00560. The tiger is a long-ranging species, and individuals disperse over distances of up to 650km (400mi) to reach tiger populations in other areas. [88] Radio-collared tigers in Chitwan National Park started dispersing from their natal areas earliest at the age of 19 months. Four females dispersed between 0 and 43.2km (0.0 and 26.8mi), and 10 males between 9.5 and 65.7km (5.9 and 40.8mi). None of them crossed open cultivated areas that were more than 10km (6.2mi) wide, but moved through forested habitat. [89] Begany, L.; Criscuolo, C. L. (2009). "Accumulation of Deleterious Mutations Due to Inbreeding in Tiger Population" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 May 2015. In the Ille Cave on the island of Palawan, two articulated phalanx bones were found amidst an assemblage of other animal bones and stone tools. They were smaller than mainland tiger fossils, possibly due to insular dwarfism. [41] It has been speculated that the tiger parts were either imported from elsewhere, or that the tiger colonised Palawan from Borneo before the Holocene. [42] [43] Fossil remains of tigers were also excavated in Sri Lanka, China, Japan and Sarawak dating to the Late Pliocene, Pleistocene and Early Holocene. [38] [39] Millward, A. (2020). "Indian tiger study earns its stripes as one of the world's largest wildlife surveys". Guinness World Records Limited.

Schwarz based his description on a skin and a skull of an adult female tiger from Bali. He argued that its fur colour is brighter and its skull smaller than of tigers from Java. [27] [28] A typical feature of Bali tiger skulls is the narrow occipital plane, which is analogous with the shape of skulls of Javan tigers. [29] a b c d e f g Miquelle, D. (2001). "Tiger". In MacDonald, D. (ed.). The Encyclopedia of Mammals (Seconded.). Oxford University Press. pp.18–21. ISBN 978-0-7607-1969-5.Tiger on a Tree" follows the life of a tiger. It starts off with showing a tiger who is on shore, and seems like he is in little bit of a rush. As he is running off somewhere, he needs to pass some obstacles. The first one is the ocean. The desperate tiger has to be bold enough to go across. Then as he keeps on running, he passes a deer. The deer, who becomes frightened, also flees. While the tiger runs, he finds a tree. Without any hesitation, he climbs it! At this point of the story, nobody knows why the tiger has to keep on running, until a man with a net shows up. He yells out that the tiger is on the tree, and then a group of other people show up. They all grab onto the net and traps the tiger. The poor and desperate tiger does not know what to do. Will he get caught? If so, what will become of him? You can feel the tiger's emotions. The generic name Panthera is derived from the Latin word panthera and the Ancient Greek word πάνθηρ ('panther'). [8] Taxonomy Tseng, Z. J.; Wang, X.; Slater, G. J.; Takeuchi, G. T.; Li, Q.; Liu, J.; Xie, G. (2014). "Himalayan fossils of the oldest known pantherine establish ancient origin of big cats". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 281 (1774): 20132686. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2013.2686. PMC 3843846. PMID 24225466. Tigers lead a secretive life and are shy by nature. They normally avoid humans and skip the area when intervened, unless they are injured, with cubs, or on a kill.

Tiger census: India now has 3,167 tigers, numbers show". BBC News. 10 April 2023 . Retrieved 21 April 2023. Caspian tiger (Panthera tigris virgata): In the 1970s, the Caspian tiger—also known as the Hyrcanian tiger or Turan tiger—went extinct. Evolution Restoration of the skull of Panthera zdanskyi, an extinct relative of the modern tiger, the fossil remains of which were found in northwestern China

a b c d Thapar, V. (1994). The Tiger's Destiny. London: Kyle Cathie. pp.47, 174–175. ISBN 978-1-85626-142-5. The tiger ( Panthera tigris) is the largest living cat species and a member of the genus Panthera. It is most recognisable for its dark vertical stripes on orange fur with a white underside. An apex predator, it primarily preys on ungulates, such as deer and wild boar. It is territorial and generally a solitary but social predator, requiring large contiguous areas of habitat to support its requirements for prey and rearing of its offspring. Tiger cubs stay with their mother for about two years and then become independent, leaving their mother's home range to establish their own.